Tuesday, 4 August 2015

Judge 'tentatively' dismisses class action lawsuit against P.F. Chang's over its gluten-free menu | Legal News Line

Judge 'tentatively' dismisses class action lawsuit against P.F. Chang's over its gluten-free menu | Legal News Line

 2941
 39
 0
 3076


SAN JOSE, Calif. (Legal Newsline) – A federal judge has
“tentatively” dismissed the lawsuit of a woman who claims P.F. Chang’s
has violated federal anti-discrimination laws by charging more for
gluten-free items.

In February, P.F. Chang’s moved to dismiss Anna Marie Phillips’ class
action lawsuit, claiming that her celiac disease does not make her a
disabled person under the Americans with Disabilities Act. It urged
U.S. District Judge Ronald Whyte to dismiss the suit before the entire
restaurant industry was impacted.

Phillips sued P.F. Chang’s in a California state court in December, and
the defendant later removed the case to U.S. District Court for the
Northern District of California.

“Plaintiff has failed to plausibly allege that she is disabled under any
applicable statute since her condition constitutes only a minimal
limitation on the major life activity of eating,” the motion says.

“She can still consume all gluten-free foods. No authority supports plaintiff’s baseless position that she is disabled.”

The company also said it does not discriminate because it charges all guests the same prices for gluten-free items.

“The price P.F. Chang’s charges to all guests for its gluten-free items
does not include an unlawful ‘surcharge’ under the ADA,” the motion
says.

“The disability statutes only require equal access; they do not require
businesses to reduce their prices or even alter their inventory. And
while plaintiff’s complaint fails on its face and as a matter of law,
the detrimental implications of allowing plaintiff’s baseless claims to
proceed impact an entire industry.”

The class action suit states that because a gluten-free diet is
medically necessary for individuals with celiac disease, gluten-free
patrons have no choice but to order at the higher price.

Surcharges for gluten-free items are claimed to occur even where the
items at issue may naturally be gluten free, such as vegetable dishes,
the complaint says.

Phillips brought suit on behalf of persons with celiac disease or gluten
intolerance who ordered items from P.F. Chang’s gluten-free menu in
California within four years prior to the suit.

In a February Legal Newsline article, the CEO of the Celiac Disease Foundation did not seem to agree with Phillips’ claims.

“Celiac Disease Foundation recognizes that restaurants bear a financial
burden for the employee training and other accommodations that are
required to serve meals that are safe for those with celiac disease,”
Marilyn G. Geller said.

P.F. Chang’s cited the article in its motion.

“Moreover, even the national organization that advocates for sufferers
of celiac disease does not seem to support plaintiff’s suit…” the motion
says.

Phillips is represented by Anthony Orshansky and Justin and Alexandria
Kachadoorian of CounselOne in Beverly Hills, Calif. They filed their
response on April 10.

“Defendant created a special menu expressly for persons with celiac
disease because it knows that they cannot consume foods that are even
exposed to gluten,” the response says.

“Defendant intended the gluten-free menu to target – and profit from – this group of disabled persons.”

In a footnote, the plaintiff’s attorneys say P.F. Chang’s has
inappropriately used the definition of “disability” from the ADA, even
though the plaintiff’s claims are premised on California’s Unruh Act and
the Disabled Persons Act.

Those two laws define “disability” as a physiological condition that
‘affects’ a body system and ‘limits’ a major life activity,” they argue.

At a hearing on May 29, Whyte heard oral arguments. According to the
case’s docket, the motion to dismiss was “tentatively granted” at the
hearing, and a final ruling will be issued by the court later.

A case management conference has been scheduled for Aug. 14.

P.F. Chang’s is represented by Jon P. Karbassakis and Michael K. Grimaldi of Lewis Brisbois Bisgaard & Smith in Los Angeles.
- See more at:
http://legalnewsline.com/stories/510630565-judge-tentatively-dismisses-class-action-lawsuit-against-p-f-chang-s-over-its-gluten-free-menu#sthash.zkWy3gY6.dpuf


 2941
 39
 0
 3076


SAN JOSE, Calif. (Legal Newsline) – A federal judge has
“tentatively” dismissed the lawsuit of a woman who claims P.F. Chang’s
has violated federal anti-discrimination laws by charging more for
gluten-free items.

In February, P.F. Chang’s moved to dismiss Anna Marie Phillips’ class
action lawsuit, claiming that her celiac disease does not make her a
disabled person under the Americans with Disabilities Act. It urged
U.S. District Judge Ronald Whyte to dismiss the suit before the entire
restaurant industry was impacted.

Phillips sued P.F. Chang’s in a California state court in December, and
the defendant later removed the case to U.S. District Court for the
Northern District of California.

“Plaintiff has failed to plausibly allege that she is disabled under any
applicable statute since her condition constitutes only a minimal
limitation on the major life activity of eating,” the motion says.

“She can still consume all gluten-free foods. No authority supports plaintiff’s baseless position that she is disabled.”

The company also said it does not discriminate because it charges all guests the same prices for gluten-free items.

“The price P.F. Chang’s charges to all guests for its gluten-free items
does not include an unlawful ‘surcharge’ under the ADA,” the motion
says.

“The disability statutes only require equal access; they do not require
businesses to reduce their prices or even alter their inventory. And
while plaintiff’s complaint fails on its face and as a matter of law,
the detrimental implications of allowing plaintiff’s baseless claims to
proceed impact an entire industry.”

The class action suit states that because a gluten-free diet is
medically necessary for individuals with celiac disease, gluten-free
patrons have no choice but to order at the higher price.

Surcharges for gluten-free items are claimed to occur even where the
items at issue may naturally be gluten free, such as vegetable dishes,
the complaint says.

Phillips brought suit on behalf of persons with celiac disease or gluten
intolerance who ordered items from P.F. Chang’s gluten-free menu in
California within four years prior to the suit.

In a February Legal Newsline article, the CEO of the Celiac Disease Foundation did not seem to agree with Phillips’ claims.

“Celiac Disease Foundation recognizes that restaurants bear a financial
burden for the employee training and other accommodations that are
required to serve meals that are safe for those with celiac disease,”
Marilyn G. Geller said.

P.F. Chang’s cited the article in its motion.

“Moreover, even the national organization that advocates for sufferers
of celiac disease does not seem to support plaintiff’s suit…” the motion
says.

Phillips is represented by Anthony Orshansky and Justin and Alexandria
Kachadoorian of CounselOne in Beverly Hills, Calif. They filed their
response on April 10.

“Defendant created a special menu expressly for persons with celiac
disease because it knows that they cannot consume foods that are even
exposed to gluten,” the response says.

“Defendant intended the gluten-free menu to target – and profit from – this group of disabled persons.”

In a footnote, the plaintiff’s attorneys say P.F. Chang’s has
inappropriately used the definition of “disability” from the ADA, even
though the plaintiff’s claims are premised on California’s Unruh Act and
the Disabled Persons Act.

Those two laws define “disability” as a physiological condition that
‘affects’ a body system and ‘limits’ a major life activity,” they argue.

At a hearing on May 29, Whyte heard oral arguments. According to the
case’s docket, the motion to dismiss was “tentatively granted” at the
hearing, and a final ruling will be issued by the court later.

A case management conference has been scheduled for Aug. 14.

P.F. Chang’s is represented by Jon P. Karbassakis and Michael K. Grimaldi of Lewis Brisbois Bisgaard & Smith in Los Angeles.

 2941
 39
 0
 3076


SAN JOSE, Calif. (Legal Newsline) – A federal judge has
“tentatively” dismissed the lawsuit of a woman who claims P.F. Chang’s
has violated federal anti-discrimination laws by charging more for
gluten-free items.

In February, P.F. Chang’s moved to dismiss Anna Marie Phillips’ class
action lawsuit, claiming that her celiac disease does not make her a
disabled person under the Americans with Disabilities Act. It urged
U.S. District Judge Ronald Whyte to dismiss the suit before the entire
restaurant industry was impacted.

Phillips sued P.F. Chang’s in a California state court in December, and
the defendant later removed the case to U.S. District Court for the
Northern District of California.

“Plaintiff has failed to plausibly allege that she is disabled under any
applicable statute since her condition constitutes only a minimal
limitation on the major life activity of eating,” the motion says.

“She can still consume all gluten-free foods. No authority supports plaintiff’s baseless position that she is disabled.”

The company also said it does not discriminate because it charges all guests the same prices for gluten-free items.

“The price P.F. Chang’s charges to all guests for its gluten-free items
does not include an unlawful ‘surcharge’ under the ADA,” the motion
says.

“The disability statutes only require equal access; they do not require
businesses to reduce their prices or even alter their inventory. And
while plaintiff’s complaint fails on its face and as a matter of law,
the detrimental implications of allowing plaintiff’s baseless claims to
proceed impact an entire industry.”

The class action suit states that because a gluten-free diet is
medically necessary for individuals with celiac disease, gluten-free
patrons have no choice but to order at the higher price.

Surcharges for gluten-free items are claimed to occur even where the
items at issue may naturally be gluten free, such as vegetable dishes,
the complaint says.

Phillips brought suit on behalf of persons with celiac disease or gluten
intolerance who ordered items from P.F. Chang’s gluten-free menu in
California within four years prior to the suit.

In a February Legal Newsline article, the CEO of the Celiac Disease Foundation did not seem to agree with Phillips’ claims.

“Celiac Disease Foundation recognizes that restaurants bear a financial
burden for the employee training and other accommodations that are
required to serve meals that are safe for those with celiac disease,”
Marilyn G. Geller said.

P.F. Chang’s cited the article in its motion.

“Moreover, even the national organization that advocates for sufferers
of celiac disease does not seem to support plaintiff’s suit…” the motion
says.

Phillips is represented by Anthony Orshansky and Justin and Alexandria
Kachadoorian of CounselOne in Beverly Hills, Calif. They filed their
response on April 10.

“Defendant created a special menu expressly for persons with celiac
disease because it knows that they cannot consume foods that are even
exposed to gluten,” the response says.

“Defendant intended the gluten-free menu to target – and profit from – this group of disabled persons.”

In a footnote, the plaintiff’s attorneys say P.F. Chang’s has
inappropriately used the definition of “disability” from the ADA, even
though the plaintiff’s claims are premised on California’s Unruh Act and
the Disabled Persons Act.

Those two laws define “disability” as a physiological condition that
‘affects’ a body system and ‘limits’ a major life activity,” they argue.

At a hearing on May 29, Whyte heard oral arguments. According to the
case’s docket, the motion to dismiss was “tentatively granted” at the
hearing, and a final ruling will be issued by the court later.

A case management conference has been scheduled for Aug. 14.

P.F. Chang’s is represented by Jon P. Karbassakis and Michael K. Grimaldi of Lewis Brisbois Bisgaard & Smith in Los Angeles.
- See more at:
http://legalnewsline.com/stories/510630565-judge-tentatively-dismisses-class-action-lawsuit-against-p-f-chang-s-over-its-gluten-free-menu#sthash.zkWy3gY6.dpuf


 2941
 39
 0
 3076


SAN JOSE, Calif. (Legal Newsline) – A federal judge has
“tentatively” dismissed the lawsuit of a woman who claims P.F. Chang’s
has violated federal anti-discrimination laws by charging more for
gluten-free items.

In February, P.F. Chang’s moved to dismiss Anna Marie Phillips’ class
action lawsuit, claiming that her celiac disease does not make her a
disabled person under the Americans with Disabilities Act. It urged
U.S. District Judge Ronald Whyte to dismiss the suit before the entire
restaurant industry was impacted.

Phillips sued P.F. Chang’s in a California state court in December, and
the defendant later removed the case to U.S. District Court for the
Northern District of California.

“Plaintiff has failed to plausibly allege that she is disabled under any
applicable statute since her condition constitutes only a minimal
limitation on the major life activity of eating,” the motion says.

“She can still consume all gluten-free foods. No authority supports plaintiff’s baseless position that she is disabled.”

The company also said it does not discriminate because it charges all guests the same prices for gluten-free items.

“The price P.F. Chang’s charges to all guests for its gluten-free items
does not include an unlawful ‘surcharge’ under the ADA,” the motion
says.

“The disability statutes only require equal access; they do not require
businesses to reduce their prices or even alter their inventory. And
while plaintiff’s complaint fails on its face and as a matter of law,
the detrimental implications of allowing plaintiff’s baseless claims to
proceed impact an entire industry.”

The class action suit states that because a gluten-free diet is
medically necessary for individuals with celiac disease, gluten-free
patrons have no choice but to order at the higher price.

Surcharges for gluten-free items are claimed to occur even where the
items at issue may naturally be gluten free, such as vegetable dishes,
the complaint says.

Phillips brought suit on behalf of persons with celiac disease or gluten
intolerance who ordered items from P.F. Chang’s gluten-free menu in
California within four years prior to the suit.

In a February Legal Newsline article, the CEO of the Celiac Disease Foundation did not seem to agree with Phillips’ claims.

“Celiac Disease Foundation recognizes that restaurants bear a financial
burden for the employee training and other accommodations that are
required to serve meals that are safe for those with celiac disease,”
Marilyn G. Geller said.

P.F. Chang’s cited the article in its motion.

“Moreover, even the national organization that advocates for sufferers
of celiac disease does not seem to support plaintiff’s suit…” the motion
says.

Phillips is represented by Anthony Orshansky and Justin and Alexandria
Kachadoorian of CounselOne in Beverly Hills, Calif. They filed their
response on April 10.

“Defendant created a special menu expressly for persons with celiac
disease because it knows that they cannot consume foods that are even
exposed to gluten,” the response says.

“Defendant intended the gluten-free menu to target – and profit from – this group of disabled persons.”

In a footnote, the plaintiff’s attorneys say P.F. Chang’s has
inappropriately used the definition of “disability” from the ADA, even
though the plaintiff’s claims are premised on California’s Unruh Act and
the Disabled Persons Act.

Those two laws define “disability” as a physiological condition that
‘affects’ a body system and ‘limits’ a major life activity,” they argue.

At a hearing on May 29, Whyte heard oral arguments. According to the
case’s docket, the motion to dismiss was “tentatively granted” at the
hearing, and a final ruling will be issued by the court later.

A case management conference has been scheduled for Aug. 14.

P.F. Chang’s is represented by Jon P. Karbassakis and Michael K. Grimaldi of Lewis Brisbois Bisgaard & Smith in Los Angeles.
- See more at:
http://legalnewsline.com/stories/510630565-judge-tentatively-dismisses-class-action-lawsuit-against-p-f-chang-s-over-its-gluten-free-menu#sthash.zkWy3gY6.dpuf

Thursday, 19 March 2015

The Soft drink-Cancer Connection - MensJournal.com

The Soda-Cancer Connection - MensJournal.com



The New Dangers of Drinking Soda
Credit: Chris Stein / Getty Images
Drinking Diet Coke, Dr. Pepper, or any dark-colored soda may raise your cancer risk, according to a new report from Johns Hopkins This new analysis follows up a study done by the same researchers last year for which they purchased 110 cans of soda from stores in New York and California and tested them all for 4-MEI. They detected a huge range in 4-MEI levels, from 3.4 micrograms up to 352.5 micrograms per 12-ounce can.
What do those numbers mean in terms of cancer risk? While the federal government has not set a limit for how much 4-MEI may be carcinogenic, the state of California has. Under California law, a product is required to carry a cancer warning if it exposes consumers to 29 micrograms of 4-MEI. So, given that the Johns Hopkins team found levels up to 352.5 micrograms in some sodas, you can see why this is a potentially dangerous health problem.
But here's the really interesting part: According to lead researcher Keeve Nachman, the sodas bought in California tended to have markedly lower levels of 4-MEI than those purchased in New York, where there is no law limiting 4-MEI. His team even saw this trend when comparing cans of the exact same brand and product purchased in the two different states. "It appears that soda manufacturers are using a different type of caramel color that has less 4-MEI in the beverages they sell in California," Nachman says.
The issue for consumers is that even though there are different types of caramel color — some of which do not contain 4-MEI — there is no way of knowing what kind is being used in a beverage or food product. Unlike in Europe, where the particular type of caramel color must be specified on a label, U.S. manufacturers are only required to list caramel color.
"The real issue with this ingredient is its 'often unknown' composition,"  says Kantha Shelke, a food scientist and principal at food science and research firm Corvus Blue. "The large amount of caramel color that's consumed is also problematic, since it is the single-most widely used food coloring in the world. But I'd say the biggest issue for consumers is the lack of transparency around it."

Unfortunately, assessing the actual darkness of a soda won't even tell you which type of caramel color was used. "Dark color is not a dead ringer for high levels of 4-MEI," Nachman says. Some very dark drinks his team tested had low levels, while lighter-hued beverages had higher amounts.

It should be noted that the potential cancer risks associated with 4-MEI have been learned through animal studies, not human trials. "The effects of 4-MEI have never been studied in humans, because chemicals are not tested on people," Nachman says. "So although we don't know for absolute certain that 4-MEI poses a risk, we can't interpret that to mean that there is no risk." What researchers do have, Nachman explains, is an animal study published by the National Toxicology Program in 2007 that found that 4-MEI caused lung tumors in mice. "California looked at the NTP's evidence and decided to regulate 4-MEI because of it," he says. "In my eyes, it makes the most sense for the federal government to cap 4-MEI limits so consumers are not required to assess risk."

How to Avoid Arsenic in Wine and Beer - MensJournal.com

How to Avoid Arsenic in Wine and Beer - MensJournal.com

So what can you do to avoid adding to your arsenic load?

Since tap water remains the most significant source, install a filter, especially if you have well water. "We know from studies that filtering contaminated water does, in fact, work," says Suk. Also mind your diet. "Eat a diverse, healthy diet that does not rely strongly on any one type of food, especially foods known to be high in arsenic," Cottingham says. "I try to limit my consumption of high-arsenic foods to once or twice a week."

Why there's arsenic in wine and beer

It was big news when 'Consumer Reports' and later the FDA announced there were possibly dangerous levels of arsenic in rice and other common foods. According to a recent Dartmouth University study, we may be exposed to arsenic in wine and beer as well.
The study found that people who drank two and half beers or one glass of white wine a day had up to 30 percent more arsenic in their bodies than nondrinkers. This toxic metal builds up in the body and has been linked to several kinds of cancer, cardiovascular problems, and impaired lung function. Although contaminated tap water is the biggest source of dietary arsenic exposure, experts are growing increasingly concerned about how much of this toxin we get from food and other beverages.
It's not entirely clear why these particular beverages were tied to high arsenic levels, but the researchers have a few hunches. "These products themselves may be heavy in arsenic, due to either arsenic in the ingredients or the diatomaceous earth used in their filtering processes," says study author Kathryn Cottingham. "These drinks may also interfere with the processes that remove arsenic from the body."
Besides beer and white wine, the study also linked dark-meat fish such as salmon, swordfish, and tuna – which are also known to carry mercury – to higher arsenic concentrations in toenails. Brussels sprouts ranked high, too, likely because they contain lots of sulfur, says Cottingham. "Arsenic binds to sulfur-containing compounds in plants," she explains.
Although we're exposed to a host of toxic chemicals every day, arsenic is particularly scary. "Arsenic is a well-known carcinogen and has effects on the cardiovascular system and lung function, but because there is no known mechanism, it's hard to determine how low a dose can be tolerated," says Bill Suk, chief of hazardous substances research at the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. "We don't know how low a dose is okay, if any level is okay. And since it's a metalloid, arsenic has unique capabilities to bind with other chemicals, creating complex exposures that we know very little about."


– Melaina Juntti

Read more: http://www.mensjournal.com/health-fitness/nutrition/how-to-avoid-arsenic-in-wine-and-beer-20131224#ixzz3UrIjq6vi
Follow us: @mensjournal on Twitter | MensJournal on Facebook

California Winemakers Sued Over High Levels of Arsenic in Wines - Eater

California Winemakers Sued Over High Levels of Arsenic in Wines - Eater


Some studies say that a glass of wine is good for your health, but according to a new lawsuit, it just may kill you. CBS reports that a class action lawsuit was filed today in California against some of the country's top winemakers over the high levels of arsenic in wine. The lawsuit claims that some of the most popular wines have "up to four and five times the maximum amount of Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) allows for drinking water."
Many are upset that there are basically no federal requirements to tell customers what's really in wine. In fact, the wine lobby has been fighting government action to require alcohol companies to label what's in their wine. Biz Journal notes that a Denver laboratory called BeverageGrades started running tests last fall to uncover the calorie counts in bottles of wine. Kevin Hicks — who owns the company — says that he ran tests on 1,300 bottles and was shocked at what results showed. Nearly a quarter of the bottles had levels of arsenic higher than the EPA's maximum for drinking water. When scanning through the results, Hicks noticed a pattern: The lower the price of the wine, the higher the levels of arsenic were. Trader Joe's famous Two-Buck Chuck White Zinfandel had three times the EPA's limit, while Franzia Blush had five times the limit.
“Arsenic is linked to many forms of cancer.”
Hicks says that when he tried to bring this information to the winemakers, they basically "hung up the phone." So, he filed a lawsuit accusing more than 24 California winemakers and sellers "of misrepresenting their wine as safe." Trader Joe's tells CBS that "they're investigating the matter" with many of their wine suppliers. A spokesperson for the Wine Group — another company named in the lawsuit — adds that the largest level of arsenic cited in the lawsuit is "only half of Canada's standard for wine, of 100 parts per billion."
Epidemiologist Allan Smith tells CBS news that arsenic can be fatal over time: "Arsenic is highly toxic," even at a parts per billion level. Smith adds, "[Arsenic] has many effects inside the body as cigarette smoking does" and that it is linked to many forms of cancer.
These new findings could have a negative impact on America's burgeoning wine industry: Last year, America officially dethroned France as the "number-one largest market for wine in the world." The news affects wine drinkers in other countries too. A report released in February shows that the U.S. is one of the largest exporters of wine in the world: In 2015, America exported just under $1.5 billion worth of wine.

White Wine and Beer Are Sources of Arsenic (LiveScience) | Dartmouth Now

White Wine and Beer Are Sources of Arsenic (LiveScience) | Dartmouth Now

A Dartmouth study indicates that white wine, beer, and Brussels sprouts can be “major sources of the toxic metal arsenic,” according to the news website LiveScience.
Researchers studied the diets of 852 New Hampshire residents and analyzed the levels of arsenic in their toenails, LiveScience reports. The study took into account amounts of arsenic in the subjects’ drinking water, which is considered the most significant source of arsenic in most people’s diets, according to LiveScience.
“Of the 120 foods the researchers looked at, four turned out to significantly raise people’s arsenic levels: beer, white wine (and to a lesser extent, red wine), Brussels sprouts, and dark-meat fish such as salmon, tuna and sardines, according to the study, published … in the Nutrition Journal,” writes LiveScience.
Study author Kathryn Cottingham, a professor of biological sciences and a professor in the Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Graduate Program, tells LiveScience that it is not clear what level of concentration found in toenail samples would indicate an unsafe level of arsenic.

Read the full story, published 11/25/13 by LiveScience.

Lawsuit claims high levels of arsenic found in some California-made wines - CBS News

Lawsuit claims high levels of arsenic found in some California-made wines - CBS News

Following recent warnings about the amount of arsenic in apple juice and rice, a proposed class action lawsuit is being filed Thursday in California that claims some of the country's top selling wines have high levels of the element: up to four and five times the maximum amount the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) allows for drinking water, reports CBS News correspondent Carter Evans.

There are almost no federal labeling requirements to tell you what's really in wine, that's why a Denver laboratory started running tests to find out.

After 15 years working in the wine distribution business, Kevin Hicks started BeverageGrades, a laboratory that analyzes wine. What he discovered shocked him.

"Some very, very high levels of arsenic," Hicks said.

He tested more than 1,300 bottles of wine. Almost a quarter of them had levels higher than the EPA's maximum allowable amount of arsenic in drinking water: 10 parts per billion. No one can say for sure why, but Hicks noticed a pattern.

"The lower the price of wine on a per-liter basis, the higher the amount of arsenic," he said.

They included Trader Joe's famed Two-Buck Chuck White Zinfandel, which came in at three times the limit, a bottle of Ménage à Trois Moscato was four times the limit and a Franzia Blush had five times the EPA limit for drinking water.

He took the test results to some of those wine companies.

"Most wine companies, when I mention arsenic and wine in the same sentence, literally almost hung up the phone on me," he said.

The next step, he said, was to supply the data to a law firm.

"He was trying to get their attention; he was trying to blow the whistle on them," attorney Brian Kabateck said.

Thursday, he plans to file a class action lawsuit in California accusing more than 24 California winemakers and sellers of misrepresenting their wine as safe.

"We've done testing with two separate labs," Kabateck said.

He said they've checked Hicks' results and they "absolutely" stand up.

CBS News took those results to epidemiologist Allan Smith, associate director of the Arsenic Health Effects research program at U.C. Berkeley.

"These are about two to three times in this particular sample, the drinking water standard, and they vary, they fluctuated, but some of them were up to three, four or five times the drinking water standard," Smith said.

Smith said 50 parts per billion of arsenic -- the highest level found in one of the bottles Hicks tested -- can be deadly over time.

Even though "parts per billion" seems like a very small amount, Smith said "Arsenic is highly toxic; it's astonishing."

"It has as many effects inside the body as cigarette smoking does," Smith said.

But he based that on studies of drinking water, which is the only beverage with an arsenic limit set by the U.S. government.

"We estimate that approximately 1 in 100 people who drink water like that throughout their life will die from the arsenic, ultimately, due to mostly cancers from it," Smith said.

The federal government doesn't regulate wine like it does water, and a spokesperson for The Wine Group, one of the companies named in the lawsuit, told CBS News, "It would not be accurate or responsible to use the water standard as the baseline" because people generally drink more water than wine. He also pointed out that the highest level of arsenic cited in the lawsuit is "only half of Canada's standard for wine, of 100 parts per billion."

The FDA said it only handles contaminates in food and beverages on a "case-by-case basis."

"The industry, we believe, is not properly regulated, but the state of California has recognized the 10 parts per billion is a dangerous amount," Kabateck said.

He's interpreting a California law that requires businesses to warn consumers if their products contain "a chemical known to the state to cause cancer." California's threshold for arsenic is 10 parts per billion, the same as the EPA's water standard, but The Wine Institute, an advocacy group for California winemakers, said the industry already provides warning signs to be posted in retail stores.

The California attorney general's office confirmed that's all the law requires, but some think that's not enough.

"I think that all beverages should aim to meet the drinking water standard of 10 parts per billion," Smith said.

Two other defendants named in the lawsuit responded to CBS News' request for comment. Treasury Wine estates said its "brands are fully compliant with all relevant federal and state guidelines," and Trader Joe's, which sells Two Buck Chuck, said "the concerns raised in your inquiry are serious and are being treated as such. We are investigating the matter with several of our wine producing suppliers."

Kabateck said his ultimate goal is "to get the winemakers to recall these wines, to get them to refund the money that people paid for these wines, and ultimately to clean up the wine industry in California."

Smith said wine makers need to determine where the arsenic is coming from, but in the meantime, "it ought to have on the wine, 'this wine contains arsenic.'"

"To most consumers, that may or may not help them, but it would sure be a big incentive for the wine producer to get down to the drinking water standard," he said.

CBS News also spot-checked and tested the four wines listed in the lawsuit. They were not the same vintages, but the arsenic levels were all considerably lower than BeverageGrades' results. One of them, the Wine Group's Flip Flop Pinot Grigio, came in within the acceptable federal arsenic levels for water.

The others were at or above that limit, including Trader Joe's Two Buck Chuck White Zinfandel, which tested at more than twice that standard.

Friday, 20 February 2015

Skechers Faces Consumer Fraud Class Action over Shape-Ups Toning Shoes

Skechers Faces Consumer Fraud Class Action over Shape-Ups Toning Shoes

March 2 2012

Baltimore, MD: A consumer fraud
class-action lawsuit has been filed on behalf of consumers who allege
misleading advertising influenced their decision to buy Skechers“Shape-Ups” toning shoes. skechersshapeupsarticle



\












The lawsuit seeks money damages for consumers who paid a “premium price”
for Skechers “Shape-Ups” based on TV, print and Internet ads that
touted the toning shoes’ health benefits.

In reality, the complaint alleges, the shoes provide no additional
health benefits. Instead, they pose a risk of injury due to their
pronounced rocker bottom sole, according to the complaint.

The lawsuit seeks money damages and an order that would stop Skechers from “deceptive and unlawful advertising.”

According to the lawsuit, the shoes are marketed, sold and promoted by Skechers, U.S.A., Inc., and its subsidiaries.

The complaint states that Skechers is currently being investigated for
its toning shoes marketing claims by the Federal Trade Commission. In
September, the FTC reached a $25 million settlement with Reebok for
making similar fitness claims about its own brand of toning shoes, the
lawsuit states. Footwear News estimates that Skechers will face a fine
of $75 million.

In particular, the lawsuit alleges that Skechers promoted that its
“Shape-Ups” would provide health benefits “without setting foot in a
gym.”

However, the plaintiffs claim, the company has produced no valid
scientific proof that the toning shoes provide any greater benefit than
regular athletic shoes.

The complaint cites an American Council on Exercise study that
concluded, “There is simply no evidence to support the claims that these
shoes will help wearers exercise more intensely, burn more calories or
improve muscle strength and tone.”

However, the lawsuit alleges, the shoes do pose health risks. Because
the rocker bottom soles create instability and change gait mechanics,
they can trigger chronic injuries and cause wearers to fall and suffer
injuries, the plaintiffs claim.

An attorney representing the plaintiffs notes a May 2011 Consumer
Reports article stating that toning shoes had produced more injury
reports than any other product in its database. The reported injuries
included tendinitis and foot, leg and hip pain. The more severe reported
injuries included broken bones.

Skechers “Shape-Ups" Injury Class Action Legal Help
If you or a loved one has suffered damages in this case, please fill in
the form to the right and your complaint will be sent to a lawyer who
may evaluate your claim at no cost or obligation.

Tuesday, 3 February 2015

Targeting Supplements at Major Retailers - NYTimes.com

New York Attorney General Targets Supplements at Major Retailers - NYTimes.com



A
Target in East Harlem. It and three other retailers — GNC, Walgreens
and Walmart — were accused of selling fraudulent supplements.
Credit Yana Paskova for The New York Times
The New York State
attorney general’s office accused four major retailers on Monday of
selling fraudulent and potentially dangerous herbal supplements and
demanded that they remove the products from their shelves.
The authorities said
they had conducted tests on top-selling store brands of herbal
supplements at four national retailers — GNC, Target, Walgreens and
Walmart — and found that four out of five of the products did not
contain any of the herbs on their labels. The tests showed that pills
labeled medicinal herbs often contained little more than cheap fillers
like powdered rice, asparagus and houseplants, and in some cases
substances that could be dangerous to those with allergies.
The investigation came
as a welcome surprise to health experts who have long complained about
the quality and safety of dietary supplements, which are exempt from the
strict regulatory oversight applied to prescription drugs.
The Food and Drug
Administration has targeted individual supplements found to contain
dangerous ingredients. But the announcement Monday was the first time
that a law enforcement agency had threatened the biggest retail and
drugstore chains with legal action for selling what it said were
deliberately misleading herbal products.
Among the attorney
general’s findings was a popular store brand of ginseng pills at
Walgreens, promoted for “physical endurance and vitality,” that
contained only powdered garlic and rice. At Walmart, the authorities
found that its ginkgo biloba, a Chinese plant promoted as a memory
enhancer, contained little more than powdered radish, houseplants and
wheat — despite a claim on the label that the product was wheat- and
gluten-free.
Three out of six
herbal products at Target — ginkgo biloba, St. John’s wort and valerian
root, a sleep aid — tested negative for the herbs on their labels. But
they did contain powdered rice, beans, peas and wild carrots. And at
GNC, the agency said, it found pills with unlisted ingredients used as
fillers, like powdered legumes, the class of plants that includes
peanuts and soybeans, a hazard for people with allergies.
The attorney general sent the four retailers cease-and-desist letters on Monday and demanded that they explain what procedures they use to verify the ingredients in their supplements.
“Mislabeling,
contamination and false advertising are illegal,” said Eric T.
Schneiderman, the state attorney general. “They also pose unacceptable
risks to New York families — especially those with allergies to hidden
ingredients.”
The attorney general’s investigation was prompted by an article in the New York Times
in 2013 that raised questions about widespread labeling fraud in the
supplement industry. The article referred to research at the University
of Guelph in Canada that found that as many as a third of herbal
supplements tested did not contain the plants listed on their labels —
only cheap fillers instead.
Industry
representatives have argued that any problems are caused by a handful of
companies on the fringe of the industry. But New York’s investigation
specifically targeted store brands at the nation’s drugstore and retail
giants, which suggests that the problems are widespread.
“If this data is
accurate, then it is an unbelievably devastating indictment of the
industry,” said Dr. Pieter Cohen, an assistant professor at Harvard
Medical School and an expert on supplement safety. “We’re talking about
products at mainstream retailers like Walmart and Walgreens that are
expected to be the absolute highest quality.”


Photo
Health supplements on display at Walgreens in Times Square in Manhattan.Credit Yana Paskova for The New York Times
In response to the
findings, Walgreens said it would remove the products from its shelves
nationwide, even though only New York State had demanded it. Walmart
said it would reach out to the suppliers of its supplements “and take
appropriate action.”
A spokeswoman for GNC
said that the company would cooperate with the attorney general “in all
appropriate ways,” but that it stood behind the quality and purity of
its store brand supplements. The company said it tested all of its
products “using validated and widely used testing methods.”
Target did not respond to requests for comment.
The F.D.A. requires
that companies verify that every supplement they manufacture is safe and
accurately labeled. But the system essentially operates on the honor
code.
Under a 1994 federal
law, supplements are exempt from the F.D.A.’s strict approval process
for prescription drugs, which requires reviews of a product’s safety and
effectiveness before it goes to market.
The law’s sponsor and
chief architect, Senator Orrin G. Hatch, Republican of Utah, is a
steadfast supporter of supplements. He has accepted hundreds of
thousands of dollars in campaign contributions from the industry and
repeatedly intervened in Washington to quash proposed legislation that
would toughen the rules.
Mr. Hatch led a
successful fight against a proposed amendment in 2012 that would have
required supplement makers to register their products with the F.D.A.
and provide details about their ingredients. Speaking on the floor of
the Senate at the time, Mr. Hatch said the amendment was based on “a
misguided presumption that the current regulatory framework for dietary
supplements is flawed.”
Critics say it is all
too easy for dangerous supplements to reach the market because they are
not subject to a review or approval process. Under current law,
supplements are assumed to be safe until the authorities can prove
otherwise. And in general, they are pulled from shelves only after
serious injuries occur — which is not uncommon.
In 2013, for example,
an outbreak of hepatitis that struck at least 72 people in 16 states was
traced to a tainted supplement. Three people required liver
transplants, and one woman died.
It is not only
consumers. Hospitals have been affected, too. In December, an infant at a
Connecticut hospital died when doctors gave the child a popular
probiotic supplement that was later found to be contaminated with yeast.
After the child’s death, the F.D.A. issued a warning to the public that
reiterated its limited control over supplements.
“These products are
not subject to F.D.A.’s premarket review or approval requirements for
safety and effectiveness,” the F.D.A. stated, “nor to the agency’s
rigorous manufacturing and testing standards for drugs.”
As part of its
investigation, the attorney general’s office bought 78 bottles of the
leading brands of herbal supplements from a dozen Walmart, Target,
Walgreens and GNC locations across New York State. Then the agency
analyzed the products using DNA bar coding, a type of genetic
fingerprinting that the agency has used to root out labeling fraud in
the seafood industry.
The technology allows
scientists to identify plants and animals by looking for short sequences
of DNA unique to each organism, which can then be quickly analyzed —
much like the bar codes on grocery items — and compared with others in
an electronic database. The technology can single out which plants a
supplement contains by identifying its unique DNA.
Dr. Cohen at Harvard
said that the attorney general’s test results were so extreme that he
found them hard to accept. He said it was possible that the tests had
failed to detect some plants even when they were present because the
manufacturing process had destroyed their DNA.
But that does not
explain why the tests found so many supplements with no DNA from the
herbs on their labels but plenty of DNA from unlisted ingredients, said
Marty Mack, an executive deputy attorney general in New York. “The
absence of DNA does not explain the high percentage of contaminants
found in these products,” he said. “The burden is now with the industry
to prove what is in these supplements.”
Related: “What’s in Those Supplements?”